You found the property. You ran the numbers. You're ready to buy. But then someone asks the question nobody thinks about until it's too late: whose name goes on the deed?
If you're buying an investment property with a partner - whether that's a friend, a family member, or a business associate - the ownership structure you choose on day one will determine how protected you are, how you're taxed, and what happens if things go sideways. And in Florida, the rules just changed.
Why this matters more than you think
Here's the scenario nobody wants to imagine. You buy a rental property with a partner. You put both names on the deed. A tenant slips on the stairs and sues. Without the right structure, that lawsuit doesn't just target the property - it targets your personal assets. Your savings. Your car. Your primary home. Everything.
Or here's another one: your partner wants to sell, and you don't. Without an operating agreement spelling out what happens, you're stuck in a legal mess that costs more than the property is worth.
This isn't hypothetical. I've seen it happen in Tampa Bay. The fix is straightforward, but it has to happen before you close.
The ownership structure you choose on day one will determine how protected you are, how you're taxed, and what happens if things go sideways.
Three ways to hold property together in Florida
There are really only three options worth considering. Each has a place, but for most investors, one clearly wins.
- LLC (Limited Liability Company): You and your partner form a Florida LLC. The LLC buys the property. You're protected personally if someone sues. Your operating agreement spells out ownership percentages, profit splits, decision-making authority, and exit terms. Income passes through to your personal tax returns with no double taxation. Filing costs about $125 with the state, plus attorney fees for the operating agreement (typically $500-$1,500). This is the standard recommendation for any real estate investment in Florida.
- Tenants in Common (TIC): Both names on the deed with specified ownership percentages. No separate entity to form. Simple on paper, but there's no liability protection and no formal agreement unless you create one separately. If one person wants out, it can get messy fast. Each person can own a different percentage and technically sell their share independently - but good luck finding a buyer for 50% of a rental house.
- Joint Tenancy with Right of Survivorship: Both names on the deed, equal ownership. If one person passes away, the other automatically inherits. Simple and clean for estate planning, but it must be exactly 50/50, offers no liability protection, and has less flexibility than an LLC for managing the business side of a rental property.
Florida's new Series LLC - effective July 1, 2026
This is a big deal for investors holding multiple properties. Governor DeSantis signed Senate Bill 316 in June 2025, and it takes effect July 1, 2026. Florida now allows Protected Series LLCs - a single parent LLC that can create multiple "protected series," each holding separate assets with liability isolated to that series only.
What does that mean in plain English? If you own five rental properties, instead of forming five separate LLCs (at $138.75 each in annual reports, totaling $693.75 per year), you form one parent LLC and create five series underneath it. One annual report. $138.75 total. Each property is still individually shielded from the others.
The catch: strict compliance is non-negotiable. Each series must maintain completely separate bank accounts, separate records, and clear documentation of which assets belong to which series. A single shared operating account can be used as evidence that the series structure isn't legitimate, and the liability shields could be thrown out.
